Rabindranath tagore
Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), the Nobel-laureate poet of Bengal who reshaped its literature and music. He was awarded a knighthood by King George V in the 1915 Birthday Honours but renounced it after the 1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
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Rabindranath was a figure known to all in his own time. Especially after winning the Nobel Prize, the poet’s name spread from the subcontinent gradually across the world. In his day many amusing incidents took place centring on Rabindranath.
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Childhood and Adolescence (1861 - 1878)
Rabindranath Tagore was born at the Jorasanko Thakurbari in Calcutta on 7 May 1861. His father was the Brahmo religious leader Debendranath Tagore (1817–1905) and his mother was Saradasundari Devi (1826–1875). Rabindranath was the fourteenth child of his parents. The Tagore family of Jorasanko was an exponent of the Brahmo Adi Dharma doctrine. Rabindranath’s forefathers lived at Pithabhog in Rupsa upazila of Khulna district.
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Youth (1878-1901)
In 1878, with the intention of studying for the bar, Rabindranath went to England. He first enrolled at a public school in Brighton. In 1879 he began studying law at University College London.
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Middle Life (1901–1932)
In 1901 Rabindranath moved with his whole family from Shilaidaha to Santiniketan, on the outskirts of Bolpur town in Birbhum district. Here Debendranath Tagore had founded an ashram in 1888 and a Brahma temple in 1891.
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Last Years (1932-1941)
In the last decade of his life (1932-1941) a total of twenty-five books of Rabindranath were published. Especially notable among the poetry books of this period are Punashcha (1932), Shesh Saptak (1935) and Shyamali o Patraput (1936) — these three collections of prose poetry. During this period of life Rabindranath carried out experiments in various branches of literature.
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Shilaidaha Kuthibari is a historic site steeped in the memories of Rabindranath and a centre of tourism. It stands on the southern bank of the Padma, five miles north of the district headquarters, under Kumarkhali upazila of present-day Kushtia district, beyond the crossing of the Gorai river and further north, opposite Pabna town on the other bank of the Padma. Shilaidaha is also famous for being the headquarters kachhari of the Birahimpur zamindari and the historic Kuthibari of the Tagore family of Jorasanko.
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The immortal soul of Bengali literature and the great boon-child of Bengali poetry, the closest of kin to Bengal and the Bengali, the star in the sky of Bengali letters: world poet Rabindranath Tagore. Rabindranath is the poet of the spirit, the poet of love, the poet of life, the poet of nature, the poet of song — and above all, the poet of human love. And so the poet and man Rabindranath holds a special place in the heart-chamber of every lover of literature and nature, of all people.
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Finance Minister of the Government of Bangladesh Abul Maal Abdul Muhith has said that world poet Rabindranath Tagore is our consciousness, our inspiration, the national identity and the strength to march of the Bengali, and a weapon of protest. The Bengali nation is most fortunate in having received Rabindranath as the true guide on the right path.
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Niharranjan Ray says in his essay “Bangalir Itihas: Adi Parba” (History of the Bengali People: The Early Period) –
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One of the foremost poets, lyricists, composers, storytellers, novelists, playwrights, educators, critics, linguists, painters, thinkers, philosophers and social reformers of the Bengali language.
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A believer in the religion of humanity, Rabindranath was devoted from early life to thoughts of his country and society. While looking after the zamindari affairs in the region by the Padma, he shared all the joys and sorrows of the tenants there with sincerity. Though not directly involved in the struggle for independence, he was not indifferent to British-ruled, subjugated India.
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Novels: Rabindranath Tagore’s novels are among his most popular literary works in the Bengali language. Between 1883 and 1934 Rabindranath wrote a total of twelve novels. Notable among them are Chokher Bali, Gora, Ghare Baire, Chaturanga, Shesher Kobita, Char Adhyay, Bau Thakuranir Hat and others.
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