Fakir lalon shai
Fakir Lalon Shai (1774 – 17 October 1890) — also known as Lalon Sai, Lalon Shah or Mahatma Lalon — was a Bengali of many talents: a spiritual Baul sadhak, humanist, social reformer and philosopher. He was the lyricist, composer and singer of countless songs, celebrated as a pioneer of Baul music and as the "Baul Emperor". Through his songs Baul music became widely popular in the nineteenth century, and his humanist vision — placing humanity above every division of religion, caste and creed — still guides the mystic tradition of Kushtia.
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When Lalon's songs or philosophy are discussed, at the root one finds that every human being must take initiation and shelter under a guru. And because the mind is controlled upon becoming a murid or taking diksha, when the mind is controlled one gains freedom from anger, malice, enmity and lust. Several devotees who have embraced the ideals of Lalon Shah say that this is, at bottom, our Lalon philosophy. Alongside the pursuit of music, this guru-centred sage imparted teachings of self-knowledge and spirituality to his devotees. To teach the taking of a guru or murshid in order to become a true human being — casting off intoxicants, lust and pretence — the music sage Lalon Shah worked ceaselessly.
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They Will Step Down to the Ghat but Will Not Muddy the Water
Rough babri hair. The bravado of the moustache. In hand the ektara and the ting-tang sound of the dugdugi. On the feet a pair of wooden kharams. Of late, sandals; on the body at times a punjabi of coarse white or ochre-threaded cloth, and on the lower body an unsewn lungi. They carry a touch of the strange about them, a little more than ordinary people. Their mind and thought, life, world and household, movement and conduct are somewhat different from the others'. Hearing a somewhat differently patterned song, one can know them — they are the Bauls. That is, ba-ul, or the yearning quest into the wind — the human being of that quest is the Baul.
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Moksed or Mokshed Ali Shah (born 1 March 1935, died 17 June 1981) was a vocal artist of the Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra, a lyricist and composer. Mokshed Ali Shai's contribution is memorable as a soldier of sound; equally, in the trend of presenting Lalon's songs with various instruments that spread internationally in post-independence Bangladesh, his pioneering role stands.
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Among the mystic sage-artists of the post-Lalon era who made the songs of Baul Samrat Lalon popular, one was Behal Shah, the mystic baul sage and lyricist of Faridpur in Alamdanga.
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How to go to the lalon Akhrabari
Lalon's akhra is located at a place called Cheuria in Kumarkhali upazila of Kushtia district. Baul Samrat Lalon was buried in the soil of Cheuria itself. After his death his disciples built the mazar here - or, in the locals' words, Lalon's akhra. Around his tomb beneath the vast dome lie rows upon rows of his disciples' graves. This mazar (Fakir Lalon Shah's Mazaar, Kushtia) is the pilgrimage site of the bauls.
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Many world-famous poets, writers and philosophers have been influenced by Lalon's songs and philosophy. Two years after Lalon's death, the world-poet Rabindranath went to his akhrabari and, influenced by Lalon's philosophy, composed 150 songs. He raised the subject of Lalon in his various lectures and writings. The egalitarian poet Kazi Nazrul Islam was influenced by Lalon's humanist philosophy. The American poet Allen Ginsberg was influenced by Lalon's philosophy, and his works show an imitation of Lalon's style of writing. He even composed a poem titled After Lalon.
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Lalon is a fakir-darvesh, a Sufi saint; Lalon is a Vaishnava, a tantric or a poet of metaphysics; Lalon is Hindu or Muslim — as to who and what he really is, there is no end to the hesitation and dispute. As a preface to this essay, let it be enough for now if we say that Lalon was a Baul, a Baul of doctrine. Step by step we shall try to uncover Lalon's true form.
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Lalon Shah is one of the influential spiritual sages of the Indian subcontinent. He is known by such names as Fakir Lalon, Lalon Sai and Lalon Shah. Lalon Shah is at once a sage, a philosopher, a humanist, a lyricist and a composer. In the last part of the twentieth century he was acclaimed as 'Baul Samrat'.
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To build a non-communal spirit Bangladesh, Lalon is the ideal of the people
Dr. Tawfiq-e-Elahi Chowdhury (Bir Bikram), adviser to the Prime Minister on power, energy and mineral resources, has said that Baul emperor Fakir Lalon Sai had no religion and no caste. Lalon had only one identity, and that was humanity. He is the only Baul sage who, rising above the limits of all religions, always called people to the path of the humanist, to walk the path of truth. With the vow of non-violent humanity he created countless songs for the welfare of man.
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Who is Lalon? This question is very old, yet it is alive even today. To the people of the world, Fakir Lalon Sai is a mystery-filled treasury of knowledge. To all he is the undisputed legendary soul. His sayings have brought increase and wealth to our humanity and our culture. In the matter of his mysterious birth, his lineage or his caste, Saiji has always kept himself shrouded within an aura of mystery.
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State Minister for Cultural Affairs KM Khalid Speaks on the Second Day of the Memorial Festival
State Minister for Cultural Affairs KM Khalid MP has said, 'This is my first visit to this Baul akhra bari. Coming here I realised that the works of this great-knowledgeable Lalon are no longer confined to the akhra bari of Cheuria in Kumarkhali, Kushtia. Lalon Sai's creations have become universal in the world. With the vow of serving mankind he wrote countless songs. This immortal musical creation of his was never confined within any religion.'
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Every person must take initiation from a guru. And only through bayat or initiation taken with the help and shelter of the guru can a person attain self-knowledge or spiritual learning. For this reason a devotee can restrain his mind from all wrongful deeds. When the devotee's mind is controlled, he becomes a real human being and attains self-purification; and those who have not taken initiation from any guru have not yet risen to the level of a real human being — they must take diksha (the guru's teaching). Such is our Lalon philosophy. So said a devotee, now nearly a hundred years old, who cherishes the ideals of Lalon Shah and wished not to be named.
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